www射-国产免费一级-欧美福利-亚洲成人福利-成人一区在线观看-亚州成人

Global EditionASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Culture
Home / Culture / Heritage

Historic kilns fire up memories

Craftsmen carry on traditions that stretch back 2,000 years, Cai Hong reports in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi.

By Cai Hong | China Daily | Updated: 2024-08-17 10:52
Share
Share - WeChat

A kiln dating to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) has been reignited to fire porcelain in Jingdezhen.[Photo provided to China Daily]

 

The alleys were communities where craftspeople and their families worked and lived and there were hostels for dealers from other parts of the country.

Local ceramists used the Changjiang River to bring down clay, firewood and other raw materials from mountains nearby, as well as to transport their products to the outside world.

Jingdezhen has witnessed ceramic making for more than 2,000 years, including more than 1,000 years for official kilns and more than 600 years for imperial kilns. It has developed the porcelain-making techniques that put it in a league of its own, and by the mid-15th century, all of China's imperial porcelain came from Jingdezhen.

"The ceramic sector alone has served as Jingdezhen's most crucial economic pillar for nearly 2,000 years," Wang says.

"It was the world's largest industrial city in the early 18th century."

What Jingdezhen contributed to the history of porcelain industry, in Wang's words, was organization.

"Jingdezhen traditional ceramics have a very fine division of labor in production. It ensures the exquisite Jingdezhen ceramics," Wang says.

In his famous book The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith explains that division of labor in production increases as the market for merchandise expands.

Coordinated effort, specialized skills and standardized replication of wares were the only way for Jingdezhen to fill short-term orders for huge amounts of porcelain from seagoing merchants in other parts of China.

From the Ming Dynasty onward, official kilns were designated as suppliers for the emperor, with private producers also drafted into service when Beijing's demands outran the capacity of the imperial furnaces.

Mass production was evident in the operation of kilns as manufacturers specialized in certain items, such as storage jars, fishbowls, wine cups and lanterns. Some kilns produced replicas of porcelains from the Song Dynasty; others copied bronze vessels from the Shang Dynasty (c. 16 century-11th century BC) or jade cups from the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220).

Making porcelain in Jingdezhen was — and remains — a collective endeavor requiring as many as 169 kinds of workers, such as potters, painters, kiln workers, china stone miners and processors, men to make knives for trimming, transporters of unfired green-ware, glaze producers, mold-makers, and men to make saggar, build kilns and pack finished wares, Wang says.

|<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next   >>|
Most Popular
Top
BACK TO THE TOP
English
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
主站蜘蛛池模板: 欧美成人看片黄a免费 | 国产精品爱久久久久久久小 | 久久怡红院国产精品 | 国内精品久久久久影院网站 | 2020夜夜操 | 国内精品1区1区3区4区 | 久久99国产精品久久99果冻传媒 | 92精品国产自产在线观看 | 一级毛片免费不卡 | 亚洲美女视频在线观看 | 欧美精品午夜久久久伊人 | 国产成人免费在线观看 | 欧美另类自拍 | 在线毛片免费 | 一级高清毛片免费a级高清毛片 | 亚洲视频在线精品 | 美女福利视频午夜在线 | 国产99视频精品免费视频7 | 亚洲第一成年网 | 日韩欧美国产精品 | 成年午夜性视频免费播放 | 精品无码久久久久国产 | 国产精品亚洲玖玖玖在线靠爱 | 国产精品国产欧美综合一区 | 国产一久久香蕉国产线看观看 | 撸天堂| 456主播喷水在线观看 | 毛片在线播放网址 | 日韩美女一级毛片 | 欧美一级特黄刺激爽大片 | 国内精品伊人久久久影视 | 欧美人体在线 | 美女一级毛片毛片在线播放 | 97精品久久久久中文字幕 | 欧美一级久久久久久久大片 | 亚洲国产第一区二区三区 | 免费国产高清视频 | 欧美一级看片免费观看视频在线 | 2017天天爽夜夜爽精品视频 | 免费日本在线视频 | 欧美黑寡妇特a级做爰 |